%!
%%BoundingBox: (atend)
%%Pages: (atend)
%%DocumentFonts: (atend)
%%EndComments
%
% FrameMaker PostScript Prolog 3.0, for use with FrameMaker 3.0
% Copyright (c) 1986,87,89,90,91 by Frame Technology Corporation.
% All rights reserved.
%
% Known Problems:
% Due to bugs in Transcript, the 'PS-Adobe-' is omitted from line 1
/FMversion (3.0) def
% Set up Color vs. Black-and-White
/FMPrintInColor systemdict /colorimage known
systemdict /currentcolortransfer known or def
% Uncomment this line to force b&w on color printer
% /FMPrintInColor false def
/FrameDict 295 dict def
systemdict /errordict known not {/errordict 10 dict def
errordict /rangecheck {stop} put} if
% The readline in 23.0 doesn't recognize cr's as nl's on AppleTalk
FrameDict /tmprangecheck errordict /rangecheck get put
errordict /rangecheck {FrameDict /bug true put} put
FrameDict /bug false put
mark
% Some PS machines read past the CR, so keep the following 3 lines together!
currentfile 5 string readline
00
0000000000
cleartomark
errordict /rangecheck FrameDict /tmprangecheck get put
FrameDict /bug get {
/readline {
/gstring exch def
/gfile exch def
/gindex 0 def
{
gfile read pop
dup 10 eq {exit} if
dup 13 eq {exit} if
gstring exch gindex exch put
/gindex gindex 1 add def
} loop
pop
gstring 0 gindex getinterval true
} def
} if
/FMVERSION {
FMversion ne {
/Times-Roman findfont 18 scalefont setfont
100 100 moveto
(FrameMaker version does not match postscript_prolog!)
dup =
show showpage
} if
} def
/FMLOCAL {
FrameDict begin
0 def
end
} def
/gstring FMLOCAL
/gfile FMLOCAL
/gindex FMLOCAL
/orgxfer FMLOCAL
/orgproc FMLOCAL
/organgle FMLOCAL
/orgfreq FMLOCAL
/yscale FMLOCAL
/xscale FMLOCAL
/manualfeed FMLOCAL
/paperheight FMLOCAL
/paperwidth FMLOCAL
/FMDOCUMENT {
array /FMfonts exch def
/#copies exch def
FrameDict begin
0 ne dup {setmanualfeed} if
/manualfeed exch def
/paperheight exch def
/paperwidth exch def
/yscale exch def
/xscale exch def
currenttransfer cvlit /orgxfer exch def
currentscreen cvlit /orgproc exch def
/organgle exch def /orgfreq exch def
setpapername
manualfeed {true} {papersize} ifelse
{manualpapersize} {false} ifelse
{desperatepapersize} if
end
} def
/pagesave FMLOCAL
/orgmatrix FMLOCAL
/landscape FMLOCAL
/FMBEGINPAGE {
FrameDict begin
/pagesave save def
3.86 setmiterlimit
/landscape exch 0 ne def
landscape {
90 rotate 0 exch neg translate pop
}
{pop pop}
ifelse
xscale yscale scale
/orgmatrix matrix def
gsave
} def
/FMENDPAGE {
grestore
pagesave restore
end
showpage
} def
/FMFONTDEFINE {
FrameDict begin
findfont
ReEncode
1 index exch
definefont
FMfonts 3 1 roll
put
end
} def
/FMFILLS {
FrameDict begin
array /fillvals exch def
end
} def
/FMFILL {
FrameDict begin
fillvals 3 1 roll put
end
} def
/FMNORMALIZEGRAPHICS {
newpath
0.0 0.0 moveto
1 setlinewidth
0 setlinecap
0 0 0 sethsbcolor
0 setgray
} bind def
/fx FMLOCAL
/fy FMLOCAL
/fh FMLOCAL
/fw FMLOCAL
/llx FMLOCAL
/lly FMLOCAL
/urx FMLOCAL
/ury FMLOCAL
/FMBEGINEPSF {
end
/FMEPSF save def
/showpage {} def
FMNORMALIZEGRAPHICS
[/fy /fx /fh /fw /ury /urx /lly /llx] {exch def} forall
fx fy translate
rotate
fw urx llx sub div fh ury lly sub div scale
llx neg lly neg translate
} bind def
/FMENDEPSF {
FMEPSF restore
FrameDict begin
} bind def
FrameDict begin
/setmanualfeed {
%%BeginFeature *ManualFeed True
statusdict /manualfeed true put
%%EndFeature
} def
/max {2 copy lt {exch} if pop} bind def
/min {2 copy gt {exch} if pop} bind def
/inch {72 mul} def
/pagedimen {
paperheight sub abs 16 lt exch
paperwidth sub abs 16 lt and
{/papername exch def} {pop} ifelse
} def
/papersizedict FMLOCAL
/setpapername {
/papersizedict 14 dict def
papersizedict begin
/papername /unknown def
/Letter 8.5 inch 11.0 inch pagedimen
/LetterSmall 7.68 inch 10.16 inch pagedimen
/Tabloid 11.0 inch 17.0 inch pagedimen
/Ledger 17.0 inch 11.0 inch pagedimen
/Legal 8.5 inch 14.0 inch pagedimen
/Statement 5.5 inch 8.5 inch pagedimen
/Executive 7.5 inch 10.0 inch pagedimen
/A3 11.69 inch 16.5 inch pagedimen
/A4 8.26 inch 11.69 inch pagedimen
/A4Small 7.47 inch 10.85 inch pagedimen
/B4 10.125 inch 14.33 inch pagedimen
/B5 7.16 inch 10.125 inch pagedimen
end
} def
/papersize {
papersizedict begin
/Letter {lettertray letter} def
/LetterSmall {lettertray lettersmall} def
/Tabloid {11x17tray 11x17} def
/Ledger {ledgertray ledger} def
/Legal {legaltray legal} def
/Statement {statementtray statement} def
/Executive {executivetray executive} def
/A3 {a3tray a3} def
/A4 {a4tray a4} def
/A4Small {a4tray a4small} def
/B4 {b4tray b4} def
/B5 {b5tray b5} def
/unknown {unknown} def
papersizedict dup papername known {papername} {/unknown} ifelse get
end
/FMdicttop countdictstack 1 add def
statusdict begin stopped end
countdictstack -1 FMdicttop {pop end} for
} def
/manualpapersize {
papersizedict begin
/Letter {letter} def
/LetterSmall {lettersmall} def
/Tabloid {11x17} def
/Ledger {ledger} def
/Legal {legal} def
/Statement {statement} def
/Executive {executive} def
/A3 {a3} def
/A4 {a4} def
/A4Small {a4small} def
/B4 {b4} def
/B5 {b5} def
/unknown {unknown} def
papersizedict dup papername known {papername} {/unknown} ifelse get
end
stopped
} def
/desperatepapersize {
statusdict /setpageparams known
{
paperwidth paperheight 0 1
statusdict begin
{setpageparams} stopped pop
end
} if
} def
/savematrix {
orgmatrix currentmatrix pop
} bind def
/restorematrix {
orgmatrix setmatrix
} bind def
/dmatrix matrix def
/dpi 72 0 dmatrix defaultmatrix dtransform
dup mul exch dup mul add sqrt def
/freq dpi 18.75 div 8 div round dup 0 eq {pop 1} if 8 mul dpi exch div def
/sangle 1 0 dmatrix defaultmatrix dtransform exch atan def
/DiacriticEncoding [
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /space /exclam /quotedbl
/numbersign /dollar /percent /ampersand /quotesingle /parenleft
/parenright /asterisk /plus /comma /hyphen /period /slash /zero /one
/two /three /four /five /six /seven /eight /nine /colon /semicolon
/less /equal /greater /question /at /A /B /C /D /E /F /G /H /I /J /K
/L /M /N /O /P /Q /R /S /T /U /V /W /X /Y /Z /bracketleft /backslash
/bracketright /asciicircum /underscore /grave /a /b /c /d /e /f /g /h
/i /j /k /l /m /n /o /p /q /r /s /t /u /v /w /x /y /z /braceleft /bar
/braceright /asciitilde /.notdef /Adieresis /Aring /Ccedilla /Eacute
/Ntilde /Odieresis /Udieresis /aacute /agrave /acircumflex /adieresis
/atilde /aring /ccedilla /eacute /egrave /ecircumflex /edieresis
/iacute /igrave /icircumflex /idieresis /ntilde /oacute /ograve
/ocircumflex /odieresis /otilde /uacute /ugrave /ucircumflex
/udieresis /dagger /.notdef /cent /sterling /section /bullet
/paragraph /germandbls /registered /copyright /trademark /acute
/dieresis /.notdef /AE /Oslash /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/yen /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef /.notdef
/ordfeminine /ordmasculine /.notdef /ae /oslash /questiondown
/exclamdown /logicalnot /.notdef /florin /.notdef /.notdef
/guillemotleft /guillemotright /ellipsis /.notdef /Agrave /Atilde
/Otilde /OE /oe /endash /emdash /quotedblleft /quotedblright
/quoteleft /quoteright /.notdef /.notdef /ydieresis /Ydieresis
/fraction /currency /guilsinglleft /guilsinglright /fi /fl /daggerdbl
/periodcentered /quotesinglbase /quotedblbase /perthousand
/Acircumflex /Ecircumflex /Aacute /Edieresis /Egrave /Iacute
/Icircumflex /Idieresis /Igrave /Oacute /Ocircumflex /.notdef /Ograve
/Uacute /Ucircumflex /Ugrave /dotlessi /circumflex /tilde /macron
/breve /dotaccent /ring /cedilla /hungarumlaut /ogonek /caron
] def
/ReEncode {
dup
length
dict begin
{
1 index /FID ne
{def}
{pop pop} ifelse
} forall
0 eq {/Encoding DiacriticEncoding def} if
currentdict
end
} bind def
/graymode true def
/bwidth FMLOCAL
/bpside FMLOCAL
/bstring FMLOCAL
/onbits FMLOCAL
/offbits FMLOCAL
/xindex FMLOCAL
/yindex FMLOCAL
/x FMLOCAL
/y FMLOCAL
/setpattern {
/bwidth exch def
/bpside exch def
/bstring exch def
/onbits 0 def /offbits 0 def
freq sangle landscape {90 add} if
{/y exch def
/x exch def
/xindex x 1 add 2 div bpside mul cvi def
/yindex y 1 add 2 div bpside mul cvi def
bstring yindex bwidth mul xindex 8 idiv add get
1 7 xindex 8 mod sub bitshift and 0 ne
{/onbits onbits 1 add def 1}
{/offbits offbits 1 add def 0}
ifelse
}
setscreen
{} settransfer
offbits offbits onbits add div FMsetgray
/graymode false def
} bind def
/grayness {
FMsetgray
graymode not {
/graymode true def
orgxfer cvx settransfer
orgfreq organgle orgproc cvx setscreen
} if
} bind def
/HUE FMLOCAL
/SAT FMLOCAL
/BRIGHT FMLOCAL
/Colors FMLOCAL
FMPrintInColor
{
/HUE 0 def
/SAT 0 def
/BRIGHT 0 def
% array of arrays Hue and Sat values for the separations [HUE BRIGHT]
/Colors
[[0 0 ] % black
[0 0 ] % white
[0.00 1.0] % red
[0.37 1.0] % green
[0.60 1.0] % blue
[0.50 1.0] % cyan
[0.83 1.0] % magenta
[0.16 1.0] % comment / yellow
] def
/BEGINBITMAPCOLOR {
BITMAPCOLOR} def
/BEGINBITMAPCOLORc {
BITMAPCOLORc} def
/BEGINBITMAPTRUECOLOR {
BITMAPTRUECOLOR } def
/BEGINBITMAPTRUECOLORc {
BITMAPTRUECOLORc } def
/K {
Colors exch get dup
0 get /HUE exch store
1 get /BRIGHT exch store
HUE 0 eq BRIGHT 0 eq and
{1.0 SAT sub setgray}
{HUE SAT BRIGHT sethsbcolor}
ifelse
} def
/FMsetgray {
/SAT exch 1.0 exch sub store
HUE 0 eq BRIGHT 0 eq and
{1.0 SAT sub setgray}
{HUE SAT BRIGHT sethsbcolor}
ifelse
} bind def
}
{
/BEGINBITMAPCOLOR {
BITMAPGRAY} def
/BEGINBITMAPCOLORc {
BITMAPGRAYc} def
/BEGINBITMAPTRUECOLOR {
BITMAPTRUEGRAY } def
/BEGINBITMAPTRUECOLORc {
BITMAPTRUEGRAYc } def
/FMsetgray {setgray} bind def
/K {
pop
} def
}
ifelse
/normalize {
transform round exch round exch itransform
} bind def
/dnormalize {
dtransform round exch round exch idtransform
} bind def
/lnormalize {
0 dtransform exch cvi 2 idiv 2 mul 1 add exch idtransform pop
} bind def
/H {
lnormalize setlinewidth
} bind def
/Z {
setlinecap
} bind def
/fillvals FMLOCAL
/X {
fillvals exch get
dup type /stringtype eq
{8 1 setpattern}
{grayness}
ifelse
} bind def
/V {
gsave eofill grestore
} bind def
/N {
stroke
} bind def
/M {newpath moveto} bind def
/E {lineto} bind def
/D {curveto} bind def
/O {closepath} bind def
/n FMLOCAL
/L {
/n exch def
newpath
normalize
moveto
2 1 n {pop normalize lineto} for
} bind def
/Y {
L
closepath
} bind def
/x1 FMLOCAL
/x2 FMLOCAL
/y1 FMLOCAL
/y2 FMLOCAL
/rad FMLOCAL
/R {
/y2 exch def
/x2 exch def
/y1 exch def
/x1 exch def
x1 y1
x2 y1
x2 y2
x1 y2
4 Y
} bind def
% The following commented out code did not work for tangent lines of zero
% length. The code following it was provided by Frame to patch this error.
%
%/RR {
% /rad exch def
% normalize
% /y2 exch def
% /x2 exch def
% normalize
% /y1 exch def
% /x1 exch def
% newpath
% x1 y1 rad add moveto
% x1 y2 x2 y2 rad arcto
% x2 y2 x2 y1 rad arcto
% x2 y1 x1 y1 rad arcto
% x1 y1 x1 y2 rad arcto
% closepath
% 16 {pop} repeat
% } bind def
/rarc
{rad
{arcto} stopped
} bind def
/RR {
/rad exch def
normalize
/y2 exch def
/x2 exch def
normalize
/y1 exch def
/x1 exch def
mark
newpath
x1 y1 rad add moveto
x1 y2 x2 y2 rarc
x2 y2 x2 y1 rarc
x2 y1 x1 y1 rarc
% x2 y1 x1 y1 rarc
x1 y1 x1 y2 rarc
closepath
cleartomark
} bind def
/C {
grestore
gsave
R
clip
} bind def
/FMpointsize FMLOCAL
/F {
FMfonts exch get
FMpointsize scalefont
setfont
} bind def
/Q {
/FMpointsize exch def
F
} bind def
/T {
moveto show
} bind def
/RF {
rotate
0 ne {-1 1 scale} if
} bind def
/TF {
gsave
moveto
RF
show
grestore
} bind def
/P {
moveto
0 32 3 2 roll widthshow
} bind def
/PF {
gsave
moveto
RF
0 32 3 2 roll widthshow
grestore
} bind def
/S {
moveto
0 exch ashow
} bind def
/SF {
gsave
moveto
RF
0 exch ashow
grestore
} bind def
/B {
moveto
0 32 4 2 roll 0 exch awidthshow
} bind def
/BF {
gsave
moveto
RF
0 32 4 2 roll 0 exch awidthshow
grestore
} bind def
/G {
gsave
newpath
normalize translate 0.0 0.0 moveto
dnormalize scale
0.0 0.0 1.0 5 3 roll arc
closepath fill
grestore
} bind def
/A {
gsave
savematrix
newpath
2 index 2 div add exch 3 index 2 div sub exch
normalize 2 index 2 div sub exch 3 index 2 div add exch
translate
scale
0.0 0.0 1.0 5 3 roll arc
restorematrix
stroke
grestore
} bind def
/x FMLOCAL
/y FMLOCAL
/w FMLOCAL
/h FMLOCAL
/xx FMLOCAL
/yy FMLOCAL
/ww FMLOCAL
/hh FMLOCAL
/FMsaveobject FMLOCAL
/FMoptop FMLOCAL
/FMdicttop FMLOCAL
/BEGINPRINTCODE {
/FMdicttop countdictstack 1 add def
/FMoptop count 4 sub def
/FMsaveobject save def
userdict begin
/showpage {} def
FMNORMALIZEGRAPHICS
3 index neg 3 index neg translate
} bind def
/ENDPRINTCODE {
count -1 FMoptop {pop pop} for
countdictstack -1 FMdicttop {pop end} for
FMsaveobject restore
} bind def
/gn {
0
{ 46 mul
cf read pop
32 sub
dup 46 lt {exit} if
46 sub add
} loop
add
} bind def
/str FMLOCAL
/cfs {
/str sl string def
0 1 sl 1 sub {str exch val put} for
str def
} bind def
/ic [
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0223
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0223
0
{0 hx} {1 hx} {2 hx} {3 hx} {4 hx} {5 hx} {6 hx} {7 hx} {8 hx} {9 hx}
{10 hx} {11 hx} {12 hx} {13 hx} {14 hx} {15 hx} {16 hx} {17 hx} {18 hx}
{19 hx} {gn hx} {0} {1} {2} {3} {4} {5} {6} {7} {8} {9} {10} {11} {12}
{13} {14} {15} {16} {17} {18} {19} {gn} {0 wh} {1 wh} {2 wh} {3 wh}
{4 wh} {5 wh} {6 wh} {7 wh} {8 wh} {9 wh} {10 wh} {11 wh} {12 wh}
{13 wh} {14 wh} {gn wh} {0 bl} {1 bl} {2 bl} {3 bl} {4 bl} {5 bl} {6 bl}
{7 bl} {8 bl} {9 bl} {10 bl} {11 bl} {12 bl} {13 bl} {14 bl} {gn bl}
{0 fl} {1 fl} {2 fl} {3 fl} {4 fl} {5 fl} {6 fl} {7 fl} {8 fl} {9 fl}
{10 fl} {11 fl} {12 fl} {13 fl} {14 fl} {gn fl}
] def
/sl FMLOCAL
/val FMLOCAL
/ws FMLOCAL
/im FMLOCAL
/bs FMLOCAL
/cs FMLOCAL
/len FMLOCAL
/pos FMLOCAL
/ms {
/sl exch def
/val 255 def
/ws cfs
/im cfs
/val 0 def
/bs cfs
/cs cfs
} bind def
400 ms
/cip {
is
0
cf cs readline pop
{ ic exch get exec
add
} forall
pop
/tot w 1 sub def
0 1 tot {
/indx exch def
/indxa is indx get def
/placer nredt indxa get def
/placeg ngreent indxa get def
/placeb nbluet indxa get def
cris indx placer 255 mul cvi put
cgis indx placeg 255 mul cvi put
cbis indx placeb 255 mul cvi put
} for pop cris
} bind def
/ip {
is
0
cf cs readline pop
{ ic exch get exec
add
} forall
pop
} bind def
/wh {
/len exch def
/pos exch def
ws 0 len getinterval im pos len getinterval copy pop
pos len
} bind def
/bl {
/len exch def
/pos exch def
bs 0 len getinterval im pos len getinterval copy pop
pos len
} bind def
/s1 1 string def
/fl {
/len exch def
/pos exch def
/val cf s1 readhexstring pop 0 get def
pos 1 pos len add 1 sub {im exch val put} for
pos len
} bind def
/hx {
3 copy getinterval
cf exch readhexstring pop pop
} bind def
/h FMLOCAL
/w FMLOCAL
/d FMLOCAL
/lb FMLOCAL
/bitmapsave FMLOCAL
/is FMLOCAL
/cf FMLOCAL
/wbytes {
dup
8 eq {pop} {1 eq {7 add 8 idiv} {3 add 4 idiv} ifelse} ifelse
} bind def
/BEGINBITMAPBWc {
1 {} COMMONBITMAPc
} bind def
/BEGINBITMAPGRAYc {
8 {} COMMONBITMAPc
} bind def
/BEGINBITMAP2BITc {
2 {} COMMONBITMAPc
} bind def
/COMMONBITMAPc {
/r exch def
/d exch def
gsave
translate rotate scale /h exch def /w exch def
/lb w d wbytes def
sl lb lt {lb ms} if
/bitmapsave save def
r
/is im 0 lb getinterval def
ws 0 lb getinterval is copy pop
/cf currentfile def
w h d [w 0 0 h neg 0 h]
{ip} image
bitmapsave restore
grestore
} bind def
/BEGINBITMAPBW {
1 {} COMMONBITMAP
} bind def
/BEGINBITMAPGRAY {
8 {} COMMONBITMAP
} bind def
/BEGINBITMAP2BIT {
2 {} COMMONBITMAP
} bind def
/COMMONBITMAP {
/r exch def
/d exch def
gsave
translate rotate scale /h exch def /w exch def
/bitmapsave save def
r
/is w d wbytes string def
/cf currentfile def
w h d [w 0 0 h neg 0 h]
{cf is readhexstring pop} image
bitmapsave restore
grestore
} bind def
/proc1 FMLOCAL
/proc2 FMLOCAL
/newproc FMLOCAL
/Fmcc {
/proc2 exch cvlit def
/proc1 exch cvlit def
/newproc proc1 length proc2 length add array def
newproc 0 proc1 putinterval
newproc proc1 length proc2 putinterval
newproc cvx
} bind def
/ngrayt 256 array def
/nredt 256 array def
/nbluet 256 array def
/ngreent 256 array def
/gryt FMLOCAL
/blut FMLOCAL
/grnt FMLOCAL
/redt FMLOCAL
/indx FMLOCAL
/cynu FMLOCAL
/magu FMLOCAL
/yelu FMLOCAL
/k FMLOCAL
/u FMLOCAL
/colorsetup {
currentcolortransfer
/gryt exch def
/blut exch def
/grnt exch def
/redt exch def
0 1 255 {
/indx exch def
/cynu 1 red indx get 255 div sub def
/magu 1 green indx get 255 div sub def
/yelu 1 blue indx get 255 div sub def
/k cynu magu min yelu min def
nredt indx 1 0 cynu max sub redt exec put
ngreent indx 1 0 magu max sub grnt exec put
nbluet indx 1 0 yelu max sub blut exec put
ngrayt indx 1 k sub gryt exec put
} for
} bind def
/tran FMLOCAL
/fakecolorsetup {
/tran 256 string def
0 1 255 {/indx exch def
tran indx
red indx get 77 mul
green indx get 151 mul
blue indx get 28 mul
add add 256 idiv put} for
currenttransfer
{255 mul cvi tran exch get 255.0 div}
exch Fmcc settransfer
} bind def
/BITMAPCOLOR {
/d 8 def
gsave
translate rotate scale /h exch def /w exch def
/bitmapsave save def
colorsetup
/is w d wbytes string def
/ris w d wbytes string def
/gis w d wbytes string def
/bis w d wbytes string def
/cf currentfile def
w h d [w 0 0 h neg 0 h]
{cf is readhexstring pop
/tot w 1 sub def
0 1 tot {
/indx exch def
/indxa is indx get def
/placer nredt indxa get def
/placeg ngreent indxa get def
/placeb nbluet indxa get def
ris indx placer 255 mul cvi put
gis indx placeg 255 mul cvi put
bis indx placeb 255 mul cvi put
} for pop ris}
{gis} {bis} true 3 colorimage
bitmapsave restore
grestore
} bind def
/BITMAPCOLORc {
/d 8 def
gsave
translate rotate scale /h exch def /w exch def
/lb w d wbytes def
sl lb lt {lb ms} if
/bitmapsave save def
colorsetup
/is im 0 lb getinterval def
/cris lb string def
/cgis lb string def
/cbis lb string def
ws 0 lb getinterval is copy pop
/cf currentfile def
w h d [w 0 0 h neg 0 h]
{cip} {cgis} {cbis} true 3 colorimage
bitmapsave restore
grestore
} bind def
/BITMAPTRUECOLORc {
gsave
translate rotate scale /h exch def /w exch def
/bitmapsave save def
/is w string def
ws 0 w getinterval is copy pop
/cf currentfile def
w h 8 [w 0 0 h neg 0 h]
{ip} {gip} {bip} true 3 colorimage
bitmapsave restore
grestore
} bind def
/BITMAPTRUECOLOR {
gsave
translate rotate scale /h exch def /w exch def
/bitmapsave save def
/is w string def
/gis w string def
/bis w string def
/cf currentfile def
w h 8 [w 0 0 h neg 0 h]
{ cf is readhexstring pop }
{ cf gis readhexstring pop }
{ cf bis readhexstring pop }
true 3 colorimage
bitmapsave restore
grestore
} bind def
/BITMAPTRUEGRAYc {
gsave
translate rotate scale /h exch def /w exch def
/bitmapsave save def
/is w string def
ws 0 w getinterval is copy pop
/cf currentfile def
w h 8 [w 0 0 h neg 0 h]
{ip gip bip w gray} image
bitmapsave restore
grestore
} bind def
/ww FMLOCAL
/r FMLOCAL
/g FMLOCAL
/b FMLOCAL
/i FMLOCAL
/gray {
/ww exch def
/b exch def
/g exch def
/r exch def
0 1 ww 1 sub { /i exch def r i get .299 mul g i get .587 mul
b i get .114 mul add add r i 3 -1 roll floor cvi put } for
r
} bind def
/BITMAPTRUEGRAY {
gsave
translate rotate scale /h exch def /w exch def
/bitmapsave save def
/is w string def
/gis w string def
/bis w string def
/cf currentfile def
w h 8 [w 0 0 h neg 0 h]
{ cf is readhexstring pop
cf gis readhexstring pop
cf bis readhexstring pop w gray} image
bitmapsave restore
grestore
} bind def
/BITMAPGRAY {
8 {fakecolorsetup} COMMONBITMAP
} bind def
/BITMAPGRAYc {
8 {fakecolorsetup} COMMONBITMAPc
} bind def
/ENDBITMAP {
} bind def
end
/ALDsave FMLOCAL
/ALDmatrix matrix def ALDmatrix currentmatrix pop
/StartALD {
/ALDsave save def
savematrix
ALDmatrix setmatrix
} bind def
/InALD {
restorematrix
} bind def
/DoneALD {
ALDsave restore
} bind def
%%EndProlog
%%BeginSetup
(3.0) FMVERSION
1 1 612 792 0 1 7 FMDOCUMENT
0 0 /Palatino-Roman FMFONTDEFINE
1 0 /Times-Roman FMFONTDEFINE
2 0 /Times-Bold FMFONTDEFINE
3 0 /Courier-Bold FMFONTDEFINE
32 FMFILLS
0 0 FMFILL
1 0.1 FMFILL
2 0.3 FMFILL
3 0.5 FMFILL
4 0.7 FMFILL
5 0.9 FMFILL
6 0.97 FMFILL
7 1 FMFILL
8 <0f1e3c78f0e1c387> FMFILL
9 <0f87c3e1f0783c1e> FMFILL
10 <cccccccccccccccc> FMFILL
11 <ffff0000ffff0000> FMFILL
12 <8142241818244281> FMFILL
13 <03060c183060c081> FMFILL
14 <8040201008040201> FMFILL
16 1 FMFILL
17 0.9 FMFILL
18 0.7 FMFILL
19 0.5 FMFILL
20 0.3 FMFILL
21 0.1 FMFILL
22 0.03 FMFILL
23 0 FMFILL
24 <f0e1c3870f1e3c78> FMFILL
25 <f0783c1e0f87c3e1> FMFILL
26 <3333333333333333> FMFILL
27 <0000ffff0000ffff> FMFILL
28 <7ebddbe7e7dbbd7e> FMFILL
29 <fcf9f3e7cf9f3f7e> FMFILL
30 <7fbfdfeff7fbfdfe> FMFILL
%%EndSetup
%%Page: "1" 1
%%BeginPaperSize: Letter
%%EndPaperSize
612 792 0 FMBEGINPAGE
0 8 Q
0 X
0 K
(Silicon Graphics Pr) 72 750.67 T
(oprietary) 139.57 750.67 T
72 54 540 54 2 L
0.25 H
2 Z
N
(xFS Simulation Envir) 72 42.62 T
(onment) 146.85 42.62 T
(October 7, 1993) 260.9 42.62 T
(1) 500 42.62 T
1 24 Q
(xFS Simulation Environment) 165.39 704 T
2 12 Q
(Doug Doucette) 268.2 664 T
2 16 Q
(1.0 Intr) 72 621.33 T
(oduction) 127.23 621.33 T
1 12 Q
(This is the design document for the simulation environment \050scaf) 72 594 T
(folding\051 for xFS.) 384.58 594 T
2 16 Q
(2.0 Goals and Requir) 72 553.33 T
(ements) 220.54 553.33 T
3 12 Q
(\245) 72 530 T
1 F
-0.06 (Allow user mode debugging of all xFS project \336le system components. Excludes volume man-) 85.75 530 P
(ager \050xlv\051 from the set of things we want to debug, at least for now) 85.75 516 T
(.) 405.74 516 T
3 F
(\245) 72 496 T
1 F
(Allow integration and testing of all \336le system components \050again, except xlv\051.) 85.75 496 T
3 F
(\245) 72 476 T
1 F
1.09 (Changes to \336le system components to work in the simulation environment must be minimal) 85.75 476 P
(and limited to) 85.75 462 T
2 F
(#ifdefs) 155.39 462 T
1 F
(.) 189.36 462 T
3 F
(\245) 72 442 T
1 F
(Allow multi-user testing.) 85.75 442 T
3 F
(\245) 72 422 T
1 F
(Present a transparent interface to applications, except for linking dif) 85.75 422 T
(ferently) 411.28 422 T
(.) 447.8 422 T
3 F
(\245) 72 402 T
1 F
(Run on unmodi\336ed 5.x machines \050at least\051. [No kernel changes.]) 85.75 402 T
3 F
(\245) 72 382 T
1 F
1.64 (Use disk space identi\336ed by pathname and range of addresses for the data and log spaces.) 85.75 382 P
(Allow either raw disk or ordinary \336les to be used.) 85.75 368 T
2 16 Q
(3.0 Design Alternatives) 72 327.33 T
1 12 Q
1.88 (There are three major design alternatives we could use to meet some or all of the goals and) 72 300 P
(requirements listed above. Roughly) 72 286 T
(, they are:) 241.78 286 T
(1.) 72 266 T
-0.11 (#) 85.75 266 P
2 F
-0.11 (ifdef) 91.74 266 P
1 F
-0.11 ( the utilities to avoid name con\337icts, and link all the utilities together with the \336le system) 115.06 266 P
0 (code. Each user \322process\323 gets its own sproc, and all the \322kernel\323 data is shared. The \322shell\323 is) 85.75 252 P
(just some simple command lookup code.) 85.75 238 T
(2.) 72 218 T
0.08 (Utilities link with a library which replaces all the \336le name and \336le descriptor calls; the library) 85.75 218 P
0.66 (intercepts calls into the simulated \336lesystem and passes calls to real \336lesystems onto the ker-) 85.75 204 P
-0.03 (nel. The intercepted calls turn into messages to a set of server sproc\325) 85.75 190 P
-0.03 (s which implement the \336le) 412.85 190 P
(system.) 85.75 176 T
(3.) 72 156 T
0.81 (The simulation registers itself as an NFS server for the simulated mount point, and runs as a) 85.75 156 P
(user mode NFS server) 85.75 142 T
(. No wrapper library is needed.) 192.01 142 T
0.05 (Any of these could be implemented. Each has dif) 72 116 P
0.05 (fering implementation cost and a dif) 308.36 116 P
0.05 (ferent set of) 482.62 116 P
(problems and bene\336ts.) 72 102 T
FMENDPAGE
%%EndPage: "1" 2
%%Page: "2" 2
612 792 0 FMBEGINPAGE
0 8 Q
0 X
0 K
(Silicon Graphics Pr) 72 750.67 T
(oprietary) 139.57 750.67 T
72 54 540 54 2 L
0.25 H
2 Z
N
(xFS Simulation Envir) 72 42.62 T
(onment) 146.85 42.62 T
(October 7, 1993) 260.9 42.62 T
(2) 500 42.62 T
1 12 Q
1.08 (Alternative 1 requires the most in the way of source changes to the utilities and test programs,) 72 712 P
0.6 (since they must be changed to avoid overlapping names with each other and with the kernel \336le) 72 698 P
0.19 (system code. Fork calls must be intercepted, and turned into sproc calls; exec calls must be inter-) 72 684 P
1.04 (cepted and turned into function calls to other \322programs\323 linked in. The real shells may be too) 72 670 P
0.3 (complex to make work this way) 72 656 P
0.3 (, but probably a simple shell can be written as the top level com-) 226.29 656 P
0.4 (mand interpreter; on the other hand, this means that scripting would be dif) 72 642 P
0.4 (\336cult, so maybe it is a) 432.71 642 P
0.93 (requirement to make) 72 628 P
2 F
0.93 (sh) 177.04 628 P
1 F
0.93 ( work. There is no protection for programs from each other) 188.37 628 P
0.93 (, nor for the) 480.6 628 P
0.79 (kernel from the programs. Memory allocation, if done with malloc, would be problematic since) 72 614 P
0.38 (programs don\325) 72 600 P
0.38 (t normally release their memory before exiting; otherwise the malloc implementa-) 142.45 600 P
(tion needs to be replaced with some code that can \336nd the \322process\323 memory and release it.) 72 586 T
0.28 (Alternative 2 simulates the actual user/kernel split well. There is an implementation cost in mak-) 72 560 P
0.78 (ing the message-passing system call library work. Not all system calls can be implemented in a) 72 546 P
-0.26 (straightforward way to reference the simulated \336le system: exec, for instance \050and mmap\051, are dif-) 72 532 P
-0.01 (\336cult. W) 72 518 P
-0.01 (e can use a real shell program. Utility changes will be minimal \050turning of) 113.01 518 P
-0.01 (f multiprocess-) 467.73 518 P
-0.15 (ing\051. The set of pathname functionality that can easily be implemented is a little restricted, but not) 72 504 P
(too bad - the problems arise through operations such as .. through the root of the simulation.) 72 490 T
1.97 (In both alternatives 1 and 2, kernel code surrounding the \336lesystem must be simulated. This) 72 464 P
(includes things like vnode support, memory allocation, and so on.) 72 450 T
0.51 (Alternative 3 changes this by turning the simulation into an NFS server) 72 424 P
0.51 (. There are absolutely no) 419.06 424 P
-0.04 (changes required to the utilities, not even relinking. The scaf) 72 410 P
-0.04 (folding is a little more dif) 362.22 410 P
-0.04 (\336cult, since) 484.74 410 P
0.16 (a user) 72 396 P
0.16 (-mode NFS server must be written. Operations which can\325) 100.23 396 P
0.16 (t be done through NFS, or which) 381.45 396 P
1.58 (NFS clients turn into something else, won\325) 72 382 P
1.58 (t be seen by the simulation. For example, memory) 286.83 382 P
0.44 (mapped \336les \050and exec\051 will work, but the NFS operations are just reads and writes. For another) 72 368 P
-0.21 (example, there\325) 72 354 P
-0.21 (s no way to simulate new semantics such as extended attributes, without extending) 145.73 354 P
0.64 (the NFS protocol to support them. \050Note that we would in all likelihood wish to do that eventu-) 72 340 P
(ally) 72 326 T
(, for the real product, in any case.\051) 89.21 326 T
2 16 Q
(4.0 Design Overview) 72 285.33 T
1 12 Q
0.13 (The fundamental idea behind the simulated xFS \336lesystem is that applications can use \336les in the) 72 258 P
(simulated \336lesystem as though they were normal, real, kernel-implemented \336les.) 72 244 T
1.26 (User programs will link with a library replacing certain system calls \050all the \336lesystem related) 72 218 P
0.45 (ones\051 with wrappers. The wrappers will intercept calls aimed at \336les in the simulated \336lesystem.) 72 204 P
0.85 (Each such call will result in a message being sent to a \322monitor\323 process associated one-to-one) 72 190 P
(with the user process. The monitor process is the bulk of the \336lesystem simulation.) 72 176 T
1.13 (The monitor contains all the xFS \336lesystem code as well as \322scaf) 72 150 P
1.13 (folding\323 code which replaces) 396.38 150 P
0.02 (both the kernel services that the \336lesystem uses \050page cache, memory allocation, locking\051 and the) 72 136 P
0.17 (mechanisms to get from system calls to the \336lesystem code in a real kernel \050syscall, vnodes, etc\051.) 72 122 P
0.98 (The underlying disk driver accesses are replaced by writes to the disk space being used for the) 72 108 P
0.13 (\336lesystem. The monitor processes for a given \336lesystem simulation share state in shared memory) 72 94 P
(\050and on disk\051 and communicate with each other as necessary) 72 80 T
(.) 361.99 80 T
FMENDPAGE
%%EndPage: "2" 3
%%Page: "3" 3
612 792 0 FMBEGINPAGE
0 8 Q
0 X
0 K
(Silicon Graphics Pr) 72 750.67 T
(oprietary) 139.57 750.67 T
72 54 540 54 2 L
0.25 H
2 Z
N
(xFS Simulation Envir) 72 42.62 T
(onment) 146.85 42.62 T
(October 7, 1993) 260.9 42.62 T
(3) 500 42.62 T
1 12 Q
0.87 (The monitor process is created and destroyed by the library code linked with the user program.) 72 712 P
0.68 (The local con\336guration - in particular) 72 698 P
0.68 (, the mount point, disk space, etc. - is taken from environ-) 255.1 698 P
0.29 (ment variables by the library code, so that users of the simulation can share a single \336lesystem if) 72 684 P
(they desire, and can have a private \336lesystem otherwise.) 72 670 T
2 16 Q
(5.0 Design Details) 72 629.33 T
1 12 Q
(How do we identify opens \050pathnames\051 that are being simulated?) 72 602 T
1.4 (Assume that each \336lesystem simulation is started by a mkfs followed by a mount. The mount) 72 576 P
0.58 (identi\336es the disk space\050s\051 and the pathname to the simulation. Since creation of a new \336le type) 72 562 P
0.19 (requires kernel changes, we will make the mount point be a symbolic link to a nonexistent name.) 72 548 P
0.26 (Then we can catch pathname uses that fail, and look at them to see if the name matches a known) 72 534 P
(mount point, and simulate the pathname use \050open, chdir) 72 520 T
(, etc.\051.) 344.01 520 T
-0.13 (Actually since the current directory of a process is part of the process\325 real state, all pathname ref-) 72 494 P
0.78 (erences that are relative to it must be checked as well. Issue: do we deal with symlinks into the) 72 480 P
(simulation?) 72 466 T
2 14 Q
(5.1 User Library Design) 72 432.67 T
1 12 Q
-0.28 (As mentioned above, we can make pathname references run the normal call then intercept the fail-) 72 406 P
-0.22 (ure cases. W) 72 392 P
-0.22 (e then maintain a \322\336le table\323 for each \336le being simulated, so we can intercept system) 131.55 392 P
-0.17 (calls with \336le descriptor ar) 72 378 P
-0.17 (guments. In order to keep the problem simple, we need to actually have) 199 378 P
0.83 (a real open \336le descriptor behind each simulated \336le; the \336le descriptor doesn\325) 72 364 P
0.83 (t need to refer to) 457.43 364 P
(anything useful.) 72 350 T
1.03 (The user programs communicate with the monitor programs by some convenient mechanism; I) 72 324 P
1.04 (suggest that pipes or System V messages or shared memory are adequate. I have no interest in) 72 310 P
0.77 (dealing with sockets, and I don\325) 72 296 P
0.77 (t think it\325) 228.88 296 P
0.77 (s required that the simulation support a multi-machine) 274.42 296 P
1.97 (environment either) 72 282 P
1.97 (. The messages will need to encapsulate all the information that would be) 164.25 282 P
-0.05 (transmitted in a system call, including things like pathnames. The monitor side can be assumed to) 72 268 P
(have as much state as the kernel side of a process, since that\325) 72 254 T
(s what it\325) 363.44 254 T
(s simulating.) 407.42 254 T
2 14 Q
(5.2 Kernel System Call Side Design) 72 220.67 T
1 12 Q
2.28 (The top level is the message receipt and breakout into individual routines, analogous to the) 72 194 P
1.27 (syscall\050\051 code. This then gets us down into versions of the routines such as read\050\051, ioctl\050\051, etc.) 72 180 P
0.69 (These can be rewritten for the simulation, in general; if it is easier in some cases to use the real) 72 166 P
0.22 (code then we can do that. W) 72 152 P
0.22 (e will need to simulate the) 208.58 152 P
2 F
0.22 (u.) 339.16 152 P
1 F
0.22 ( structure and process structures to sup-) 348.82 152 P
(port such code.) 72 138 T
0.37 (The next level takes us through vnode structures and the \336le system switch to the xFS code. The) 72 112 P
(vnode support will need to be present intact; only xFS \336les will be supported, though.) 72 98 T
FMENDPAGE
%%EndPage: "3" 4
%%Page: "4" 4
612 792 0 FMBEGINPAGE
0 8 Q
0 X
0 K
(Silicon Graphics Pr) 72 750.67 T
(oprietary) 139.57 750.67 T
72 54 540 54 2 L
0.25 H
2 Z
N
(xFS Simulation Envir) 72 42.62 T
(onment) 146.85 42.62 T
(October 7, 1993) 260.9 42.62 T
(4) 500 42.62 T
2 14 Q
(5.3 Kernel Support Side Design) 72 710.67 T
3 12 Q
(\245) 72 690 T
1 F
(Vnodes) 85.75 690 T
3 F
(\245) 72 670 T
1 F
(Memory Allocation) 85.75 670 T
3 F
(\245) 72 650 T
1 F
(Locking) 85.75 650 T
3 F
(\245) 72 630 T
1 F
(Coordination with other monitors: control data is in shared memory) 85.75 630 T
0.65 (What we need to do here is list the \336les that will be present intact \050besides the actual \336lesystem) 72 604 P
0.24 (code\051, and the routines that will be faked and stubbed to support them. The way this is done is to) 72 590 P
0.42 (take the EFS code, and examine all the unde\336ned symbols. For each such symbol, we either add) 72 576 P
0.12 (the \336le that supplies it intact \050thus generating more unde\336ned symbols\051, or stub out the routine or) 72 562 P
-0.3 (variable. In rare cases we may want to add) 72 548 P
2 F
-0.3 (#ifdefs) 276.46 548 P
1 F
-0.3 ( to the \336le. W) 310.44 548 P
-0.3 (e repeat this procedure until it con-) 373.92 548 P
(ver) 72 534 T
(ges.) 87.1 534 T
2 16 Q
(6.0 Implementation Schedule) 72 493.33 T
3 12 Q
(\245) 72 470 T
1 F
1.19 (Implement and then test with EFS \336rst. This should be done before the \336rst integration and) 85.75 470 P
(testing of xFS code could be done.) 85.75 456 T
FMENDPAGE
%%EndPage: "4" 5
%%Trailer
%%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 792
%%Pages: 4 1
%%DocumentFonts: Palatino-Roman
%%+ Times-Roman
%%+ Times-Bold
%%+ Courier-Bold
![[BACK]](/icons/back.gif){kind=icon}
Return to scaffold.ps CVS log ![[TXT]](/icons/text.gif){kind=icon}
![[DIR]](/icons/dir.gif){kind=icon}
Up to [Development] / xfs-website / design_docs / xfsdocs93_ps