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Document new -I option
Document 32-bit inode number issues & caveats.

.TH xfs_growfs 8
.SH NAME
xfs_growfs, xfs_info \- expand an XFS filesystem
.SH SYNOPSIS
.nf
\f3xfs_growfs\f1 [ \f3\-dIilnrxV\f1 ] [ \f3\-D\f1 size ] [ \f3\-e\f1 rtextsize ]
		[ \f3\-L\f1 size ] [ \f3\-m\f1 maxpct ] [ \f3-t\f1 mtab ]
		[ \f3\-R\f1 size ] mount-point
\f3xfs_info\f1 [ \f3-t\f1 mtab ] mount-point
.fi
.SH DESCRIPTION
.I xfs_growfs
expands an existing XFS filesystem (see
.IR xfs (5)).
The
.I mount-point
argument is the pathname of the directory where the filesystem
is mounted.
The filesystem must be mounted to be grown (see
.IR mount (8)).
The existing contents of the filesystem are undisturbed, and the added space
becomes available for additional file storage.
.PP
.I xfs_info
is equivalent to invoking
.I xfs_growfs
with the
.B \-n
option (see discussion below).
.PP
The options to
.I xfs_growfs
are:
.TP
\f3\-d\f1, \f3\-D\f1 \f2size\f1
Specifies that the data section of the filesystem should be grown.
If the
.B \-D
.I size
option is given, the data section is grown to that size, otherwise
the data section is grown to the largest size possible.
The size
is expressed in
filesystem blocks.
.TP
.B \-e
Allows the real-time extent size to be specified.
In
.IR mkfs.xfs (8)
this is specified with
.B \-r
.BI extsize= nnnn.
.TP
.B \-I
Allow new inode numbers to exceed 32 significant bits.
(See CONSIDERATIONS below.)
.TP
.B \-i
The new log is an internal log
(inside the data section).
.TP
\f3\-l\f1, \f3\-L\f1 \f2size\f1
Specifies that the log section of the filesystem should be grown,
shrunk, or moved.
If the
.B \-L
.I size
option is given, the log section is changed to be that size,
if possible.
The size is expressed in
filesystem blocks.
The size of an internal log must be smaller than the size
of an allocation group (this value is printed at \f2mkfs\f1(8) time).
If neither
.B \-i
nor
.B \-x
is given with
.BR \-l ,
the log continues to be internal or external as it was before.
.TP
.B \-m
Specify a new value for the maximum percentage
of space in the filesystem that can be allocated as inodes.
In
.I mkfs.xfs
this is specified with
.B -i
.BI maxpct= nn.
.TP
.B \-n
Specifies that no change to the filesystem is to be made.
The filesystem geometry is printed, and argument checking is performed,
but no growth occurs.
.TP
\f3\-r\f1, \f3\-R\f1 \f2size\f1
Specifies that the real-time section of the filesystem should be grown.
If the
.B \-R
.I size
option is given, the real-time section is grown to that size, otherwise
the real-time section is grown to the largest size possible.
The size
is expressed in
filesystem blocks.
The filesystem does not need to have contained a real-time section before
the \f2xfs_growfs\f1 operation.
.TP
.B \-t
Specifies an alternate mount table file (default is
.IR /etc/mtab ).
This is used when working with filesystems mounted without writing to
.I /etc/mtab
file - refer to
.BR mount (8)
for further details.
.TP
.PP
.I xfs_growfs
is most often used in conjunction with
logical volumes
(see
.IR lvm (8)
).
However, it can also be used on a regular disk partition, for example if a
partition has been enlarged while retaining the same starting block.
.SH PRACTICAL USE
Filesystems normally occupy all of the space on the device where they
reside.
In order to grow a filesystem, it is necessary to provide added
space for it to occupy.
Therefore there must be at least one spare new
disk partition available.
Adding the space is done through the mechanism of
logical volumes.
.SH CONSIDERATIONS
XFS uses 64-bit inode numbers internally; however, the number of
significant bits in an inode number is 
affected by filesystem geometry.  In
practice, filesystem size and inode size are the predominant factors.
The Linux kernel and most applications cannot currently handle
inode numbers greater than 32 significant bits, so 
.I xfs_growfs
will issue a warning and fail if growing the filesystem will
cause the significant bits in inode numbers to exceed 32 bits.
This can be overwritten with the 
.B \-I
option.
.PP
If you anticipate significantly growing filesystems after using
.I mkfs.xfs
you should take into consideration this inode number growth
as well,
and keep the number of significant digits sufficiently small
to allow for future growth.  On average, doubling the size
of the inode will reduce significant bits by one, and doubling
the size of the filesystem will increase significant bits
by one.
.SH SEE ALSO
mkfs.xfs(8),
lvm(8),
mount(8).