Re: [patch 0/9] writeback data integrity and other fixes (take 3)

[Jim Rees <rees@xxxxxxxxx>]

jim owens wrote:

  AFAIK the fsync semantic comes from the days of dinosaurs,
  mainframes, and minicomputers... when a lot of operating
  systems had user-space libraries that buffered the I/O.
  On fsync(fd), the "fd2" data would still be in user-space.

User space buffering happens in stdio, which is above the system call
level.  It's been that way since fsync() was first introduced, and is still
that way today.